Gulshan Grover on Ace Medicare

About Glaucoma

Glaucoma encompasses eye conditions connected to optic nerve damage, adversely impacting vision. The primary cause of vision loss in people over 60 is aging, though it's not the sole risk factor. Glaucoma nerve damage mainly results from fluid buildup and increased eye pressure. Early detection enables pressure reduction, potentially preventing or slowing the onset of blindness. Taking timely action is crucial to safeguard eyesight and maintain optimal eye health for a better quality of life.

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Diagnosis of Glaucoma

Before beginning treatment, the patient should have an accurate diagnosis. A comprehensive patient history and imaging tests are used to diagnose glaucoma. The following are examples of common glaucoma diagnostic tests:

  • Physical examination: Your ophthalmologist will take a complete medical and family history and do a thorough eye exam to look for any indications of redness, dryness, edoema, poor visual acuity, and so on.
  • Tonometry: Tonometry measures intraocular pressure by delivering a small amount of air pressure to the cornea to determine the severity of the problem.
  • Retinal imaging test: This test offers a computerized picture of about 80% of the eye and aids in the diagnosis of eye problems.
  • A visual field exam is used to measure peripheral vision and to look for regions of vision loss.
  • Pachymetry: A rapid and painless technique that measures corneal thickness to detect if glaucoma is caused by a corneal defect.
  • Gonioscopy: To diagnose the kind and cause of glaucoma, the eye doctor utilizes a special lens and slit light to evaluate the drainage angle of the eye.

Glaucoma Treatment and Surgery

Medical therapy for glaucoma is accomplished by the use of eyedrops and pills that assist reduce intraocular pressure. However, in order for the therapy to be effective, the patient must not miss or postpone taking their medication. Prostaglandins, beta blockers, alpha-adrenergic medications, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, rho-kinase inhibitors, and cholinergic pharmaceuticals are examples of prescription eyedrops and oral treatments for glaucoma.

  • Laser therapy: Laser therapy helps to remove any blockages in the trabecular system and restore flow in order to reduce intraocular pressure and control glaucoma. YAG laser peripheral iridotomy, argon laser trabeculoplasty, diode laser myeloablation, and selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) are all common laser therapies for glaucoma.
  • TRAB surgery (Trabeculectomy): During a trabeculectomy, the eye surgeon makes a flap in the sclera to expose the internal trabecular network and removes the trabecular network To regulate intraocular pressure, develop an alternate conduit for the outflow of an additional aqueous liquid. Following the procedure, there is a tiny swelling behind the forehead where the liquid gathers before emptying.
  • MIGS (minimally invasive glaucoma surgery): MIGS is a group of low-risk eye surgeries that help reduce intraocular pressure by taking alternative approaches such as bypassing the trabecular network, increasing outflow through micro eye stents, creating an alternative pathway for liquid drainage through valvular surgery, and so on. The operation is less dangerous than trabeculectomy and produces better outcomes.

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