Complications of Anal Fistula: Risks and Prevention Strategies
An anal fistula, also known as a fistula-in-ano, is a tunnel that forms between the inside of the anus and the skin around it. The muscular aperture at the end of the digestive tract via which stool exits the body is known as the anus. The majority of anal fistulas are caused by an infection that begins in the anal gland. The infection develops an abscess, which either drains on its own or is surgically drained through the skin adjacent to the anus. This drainage tunnel remains open, connecting the infected anal gland or anal canal to a hole in the skin around the anus.
An anal fistula is usually treated surgically. Nonsurgical therapies are sometimes a possibility.
Symptoms
An anal fistula can cause the following symptoms:
- An hole in the skin near the anus
- A red, inflamed region surrounding the tunnel entrance
- Pus, blood, or excrement oozing from the tunnel opening
- Rectum and anus pain, especially when sitting or passing stool
- Fever
Causes
The majority of anal fistulas are caused by an infection that begins in the anal gland. The infection causes an abscess, which either drains on its own or is surgically drained through the skin adjacent to the anus. A fistula is a tube that develops beneath the skin along this drainage channel. The tunnel connects the anal gland or anal canal to a hole in the skin on the outside of the anus.
Sphincter muscle rings at the anus entrance allow you to control stool discharge. The involvement of these sphincter muscles distinguishes fistulas. This classification assists the surgeon in deciding on treatment alternatives.
Risk elements
Anal fistula risk factors include:
- Anal abscess that has previously been drained
- Crohn's disease or another type of inflammatory bowel disease
- Anal traumatic injury
- Infections in the anal region
- Anal cancer treatment options include surgery or radiation.
Anal fistulas are more common in adults over the age of 40, although they can occur in children as well, especially if there is a family history of Crohn's disease. Males are more likely than females to have anal fistulas.
Complications
Recurrence of an abscess and an anal fistula is conceivable even with good treatment from Ace Medicare. Stool retention may occur as a result of surgical treatment.
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